"Closing the gap in HIV prevention and treatment"
AIDS become a serious health impaction throughout all over
countries. Most of country has entered into concentrated epidemic of HIV &
AIDS. 35 million people are affected by HIV and AIDS. Among them 50% are youth.
Only 11.7 million people are asses of
anti retroviral therapy (ART). 28 million people are eligible for ART according
to WHO guidelines. 1-5 million people
are died from HIV related illness. Now it is a global issue and working all
country to care treatment rehabilitation of aids infected persons. Its
impaction is more underdevelopment country than that of developing and
developed country.
Facts about HIV and AIDS
1. HIV (human
immunodeficiency virus) infects cells of the immune system
Infection results in the progressive
deterioration of the immune system, breaking down the body's ability to fend
off some infections and other diseases. AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome) refers to the most
advanced stages of HIV infection, defined by the occurrence of any of more than
20 opportunistic infections or related cancers.
HIV can be transmitted through:
- unprotected
sexual intercourse (vaginal or anal) or oral sex with an infected person;
- transfusions
of contaminated blood;
- the
sharing of contaminated needles, syringes or other sharp instruments;
- the
transmission between a mother and her baby during pregnancy, childbirth
and breastfeeding.
3. 35 million people are living with HIV worldwide
Globally, an estimated 35.0 million [33.2–37.2 million] people
were living with HIV in 2013, and 3.2 million [2.9–3.5 million] of these were
children. The vast majority of people living with HIV are in low- and
middle-income countries. An estimated 2.1 million [1.9–2.4 million] people were
newly infected with the virus in 2013.
4. HIV is the world’s leading infectious killer
An estimated 39 million people have died from AIDS-related
causes so far, including 1.5 million [1.4–1.7 million] in 2013.
5. There are several ways to
prevent HIV transmission
Key ways to prevent HIV transmission:
- practice
safe sexual behaviours such as using condoms;
- get
tested and treated for sexually transmitted infections, including HIV;
- avoid
injecting drugs, or if you do, always use new and disposable needles and
syringes;
- ensure
that any blood or blood products that you might need are tested for HIV.
6. Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevents the HIV virus from
multiplying in the body
If the reproduction of the HIV virus stops, then the body's
immune cells are able to live longer and provide the body with protection from
infections. If the HIV positive partner in a couple is on ART, the likelihood
of sexual transmission to the HIV-negative partner decreases dramatically by
96%.
7. Close to 12 million HIV-positive people had access to ART in low- and middle-income countries in 2013
Reaching the goal of treatment for all remains a huge challenge.
About 85% of all people living with HIV are eligible for ART, according to the
treatment criteria in the 2013 WHO consolidated guidelines.
8. An estimated 3.2 million children are living with HIV
According to 2013 figures most of these children live in
sub-Saharan Africa and were infected by their HIV-positive mothers during pregnancy,
childbirth or breastfeeding. Over 240 000 children [210 000–280 000] became
newly infected with HIV in 2013.
9. Mother-to-child-transmission of HIV is almost entirely avoidable
Access to preventive interventions remains limited in many low-
and middle-income countries. But progress has been made in some areas such as
prevention of mother-to-child transmission and keeping mothers alive. In 2013,
7 out of 10 pregnant women living with HIV – 970 000 women – received
antiretrovirals.
10. HIV is the strongest risk factor for developing active TB disease
In 2013, approximately 360 000 deaths from tuberculosis occurred
among people living with HIV. That is one fourth of the estimated 1.5 million
deaths from HIV in that year. The majority of people living with both HIV and
TB reside in sub-Saharan Africa (about 78% of cases worldwide).
Source www.who.int
